Lesson 12 Goodbye and good luck 再见，一路顺风 一般将来时
First listen and then answer the question: Where is Captain Alison going and how?
Our neighbour, Captain Charles Alison, will sail from Portsmouth tomorrow.
我们的邻居查尔斯·艾利森船长明天就要从朴次茅斯(英国港市)启航了。
We'll meet him at the harbour early in the morning.
明天一大早我们将在码头为他送行。
He will be in his small boat, Topsail.
他将乘坐他的“涛波赛”号小艇。
Topsail is a famous little boat.It has sailed across the Atlantic many times.
“涛波赛”号是艘有名的小艇，它已经多次横渡大西洋。
Captain Alison will set out at eight o'clock, so we'll have plenty of time.
艾利森船长将于8点钟启航，因此我们有充裕的时间。
We'll see his boat and then we'll say goodbye to him.
我们将参观他的船，然后和他告别。
He will be away for two months.We are very proud of him.He will take part in an important race across the Atlantic.
他要离开两个月，我们真为他感到自豪，他将参加一次重大的横渡大西洋的比赛。
课文理解一路顺风 更新于:2024-03-05 03:38:32
Our neighbour, Captain Charles Alison,will sail from Portsmouth tomorrow.开篇明义(决定整个文章的背景时态)
- Last week I went to the theatre.
- It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays.
- Last summer, I went to Italy.
- I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim.(同位语)
英语中常见地名
| 英文地点 | 错误译名 | 英文地点 | 错误译名 | 英文地点 | 错误译名 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New York 纽约 | 新乡 | Red River Valley 红河谷 | 丹江口 | 5th Avenue 第五大道 | 五道口 |
| Greenland 格陵兰 | 青岛 | Table mountain 桌山 | 平顶山 | Mont Blanc 勃朗峰(万宝龙) | 长白山 |
| Pearl Harbour 珍珠港 | 蚌埠 | Portsmouth 朴茨茅斯 | 浦口 | Queensland 昆士兰 | 秦皇岛 |
| New foundland 纽芬兰 | 新发地 | Phoenix 凤凰城 | 宝鸡 | Westfield 韦斯特菲尔德 | 西单 |
| RockTown 石城 | 石家庄 | Broadway 百老汇 | 宽街 | Evergreen 埃弗格林 | 长春 |
| Hollywood 好莱坞 | 吉林 | Deep River 深河 | 深圳 | Iron Mountain 艾恩山 | 铁岭 |
We'll meet him at the harbour early in the morning.
We'll = We will = We shall 缩写
在表示时间的短语 in the morning，in the afternoon 等前面可以再加上 early，late 等副词，以便确切地表示时间
| early in the morning 一大早 | late in the afternoon 傍晚 |
|---|---|
He will be in his small boat, Topsail.
Topsail 同位语、小船的名词。取名是由 Top(顶级) + sail(航行),其用意为船主人对船的期望。
| 一般现在时 | 一般将来时(will后要动词原型is→be) |
|---|---|
| He is in his small boat.他现在在小船里 | He will be in his small boat.他将会在小船里 |
small boat VS little boat
| small boat 尺寸较小的船只，可以是专业的小型船只，也可以是日常生活中使用的小船或小艇 | little boat 更侧重于强调船的尺寸小，使用 "little" 这个形容词突出了船只的可爱、迷你或娇小的特点 |
|---|---|
| One of the best ways to see the area is in a small boat. 参观这一地区的最好方式之一是乘小船。 | The little boat was swept out to sea. 小船被吹到大海的深处去了。 |
It has sailed across the Atlantic many times.
once，twice，three times… 表示次数的时候, 不需要加 for：I do something twice.
| across prep.穿过 | over prep.越过 |
|---|---|
| There's a way across the fields. 是对某个细长物“横切、横断、横渡”等，尤指河流、马路、海洋等 | The water burbled over gravel.过桥用 over；翻墙也是 over |
Four oceans 四大洋
| the Atlantic 大西洋 | the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 |
| the Pacific 太平洋 | the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 |
| the Indian 印度 | the Indian Ocean 印度洋 |
| the Arctic 北极区 | the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋 |
Seven Continents 七大洲
| Asia 亚洲 | Asian 亚洲人;亚洲的 | Africa 非洲 | African 非洲人;非洲的 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Europe 欧洲 | European 欧洲人;欧洲的 | Oceania 大洋洲 | Oceanian 大洋洲人;大洋洲的 |
| North America 北美洲 | American 美国人;美洲的 | Antarctica 南极洲 | Antarctican 南极洲人;南极洲的 |
| South America 南美洲 |
Captain Alison will set out at eight o'clock, so we'll have plenty of time.(plenty of 足够多的…)
| set out 出发，动身 | set off 出发，启程 | begin something 开始做某事 |
|---|---|---|
| When they set out they were well prepared. 他们出发时有很充分的准备。 | They set off at a steady pace. 他们以不紧不慢的速度出发了。 | When will you begin recruiting? 你们何时开始招募人员？ |
| plenty 相对多（除了够还有富余） | enough 充足的，足够的(强调够) | a lot of 指客观上的多(不一定够) |
|---|---|---|
| I have plenty of money. | They had enough cash for a one-way ticket. 他们有足够的现金买一张单程票。 | He's made a lot of new friends. |
We'll see his boat and then we'll say goodbye to him.
| see 看(见);参阅 | look 看 | watch 注视;观看 | visit 参观;游览 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Can I see it? 我能看一下吗？ | You look absolutely stunning!你看上去漂亮极了。 | I don't want to watch telly.我不想看电视。 | It's my first visit to New York.这是我第一次访问纽约。 |
| say goodbye (to sb.) 告别 | say hello to (to sb.) 打招呼 | say sorry to (to sb.) 道歉 |
|---|---|---|
| We'll have a party to say goodbye to her!我们将开个派对跟她告别！ | I said hello to him this morning. 今天早上我和他打招呼了 | You must say sorry to somebody. |
* He will be away for two months.
| 一般将来时(瞬间动词的使用) | 现在完成时(瞬间动词替换为其它动词) |
|---|---|
| He will leave | He has been away for two hours.要用段时间就要将其变为 “系表结构”即 “be + 形容词或介词短语构成” |
|
|
leave 后不能接时间，这里一个瞬间动词(Open、Start、Finish、Break、Enter、Exit)，动作是瞬间完成的，所以我们不能说“拉出去枪毙5分钟”？？？
| be + 形容词 = 主系表结构 表状态来代替，状态就可以接一段时间 | ||
|---|---|---|
| arrive = be here / there | He arrived 10 minutes ago.✓ | He has been here/there for 10 minutes.✓ |
| leave = be away | He has left | He has been gone for 10 minutes.✓ |
| die = be dead （adj. 死的，去世的） | He has died | He has been dead for ten years. ✓ |
He will take part in an important race across the Atlantic.
| take part (in) 参加，参与（某项活动） | enter for 报名参加(比赛) |
|---|---|
| I was quite sulky, so I didn't take part in much. 我相当闷闷不乐，所以没有怎么参与。 | Every year I enter for the garden competition too. |
| I have entered for the meeting,but now I don't want to take part in the meeting. | |
an important race across the Atlantic 横渡大西洋的比赛（介词短语做定语放在被修饰词的后面）
- the person at the door 门口的那个人
| be in the race = take part in the race 参加比赛 | at the race 在比赛场地观看比赛 |
|---|---|
|
|
语法知识一般将来时 更新于:2023-12-27 09:30:08
一般将来时（Simple Future Tense）用于描述(现在的)将来发生的动作、事件或情况。在英语中，一般将来时通常由情态动词 "will" 或 "shall" 加上动词原形构成、或者 Be going to 结构。
| 表示意愿、决定或承诺 |
|
|---|---|
| 表示预测、推测或猜测 |
|
| 表示计划、安排或预定 |
|
| 表示自愿、请求或建议 |
|
| shall/will + do § (v.动词原形) | be going to do § (be = is/am/are) | be gonna do (代替going to 仅口语) |
|---|---|---|
| will not 可缩略为 I’ll not 或 won’t，shall not 缩略 We shan’t（在美语中很少用 shall） | be going to 与 shall/will 翻译为“打算”时一般可以互换。但与“打算”无关含义的句子里will 与 be going to do 不能互换。 | |
|
| |
| 陈述句 | 否定句 | 疑问句 |
|---|---|---|
| He will be a teacher. | He will not be a teacher. | Will he be a teacher? |
| He is going to be a teacher. | He is not going to be a teacher. | Is he going to be a teacher? |
一般将来时表示的是将来的可能性，不代表一定会发现。因为将来无法预测。
| be + to do sth. 表示计划安排在某事或用来征求意见 | be about to do sth. 即将做某事 | will be doing 将来进行时表确定的将来 | be doing （瞬间动词） |
|---|---|---|---|
| I am to have a holiday.(将去)If it rains, …一般现在时表示将要发生 | She is about to embark on a diplomatic career.她即将开始外交生涯。 | they will be singing at the Workers' Club.(将来进行时) | I'm coming to see you. |
用现在进行时表示将来时态，用现在进行时表示将来的动词有：go，come，arrive，leave，die，land，join...
单词句型be动词搭配的词组 更新于:2024-01-11 10:23:32
动词 be 如与不同的副词连用意义不同，意思主要由副词的意义决定
- I' Il be out all morning. 我整个早上将都在外面的
- I went to Ted's house and asked to see him but he wasn't in. （to see 去见；be in 在家）
- He will be away for two months. (be away 表持续离开的状态)
- I' m going out now. I' Il be back at six o' clock. （be back 表回来的状态）
- Why don't you forget about it? It's all over. ( be over 结束了)
- What's on at the local cinema this week？(be on 上映)
- She is very ill. She can't start work yet.She is not up to it. (be up to 胜任、有能力)
| be + 副词的替换 | |
|---|---|
| When the concert ended, we went home. | When the concert was over, we went home. |
| You can't take the exam yet. You are not capable of it. | You can't take the exam yet. You are not up to of it. |
- be in 在家 I went to Ted' s house and asked to see him but he wasn' t in.
- be out 出去 I' ll be out all morning.
- be away 离开 He will be away for two months.
- be on 上映 What' s on at the local cinema this week
- be back 回来 I'm going out now. I' Il be back at six o' clock
- be over 结束 Why don' tyou forget about it? It's all over.
- be up to sth. 胜任某件事情, 能够做某件事 She is very ill. She can' t start work yet.She is not up to it.
set + 副词(构成短语动词)
| set out 出发，动身 | set up 创立，建立 | a record 创造…记录 |
|---|---|---|
|
|
|
扩展知识will 与 be going to的区别 更新于:2024-01-11 10:23:40
| be(am/is/are) going to + do(v.原型) | shall/will + do(v.原型) |
|---|---|
| 有事先预兆性将要发生，或者事先有计划、打算性的事要发生 | shall用于第一称而will通用，强调“临时”决定的事情 |
|
|
will 除了表将来，还做情态动词(愿意做某事)。§
不规则动词的变化 §
| 原型 | 过去式 | 过去分词 | 现在分词 |
|---|---|---|---|
| meet | met | met | |
| set | set | set | setting |