Lesson 3 Please Send Me a Card 请给我寄一张明信片 一般过去时 主谓双宾

First listen and then answer the question: How many cards did the writer send?

Postcards always spoil my holidays.

明信片总搅得我假日不得安宁。

Last summer, I went to Italy.

去年夏天,我去了意大利。

I visited museums and sat in public gardens.

我参观了博物馆,还去了公园。

A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian.

一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语。

Then he lent me a book.

之后还借给我一本书。

I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word.

我读了几行,但一个字也不懂。

Everyday I thought about postcards.

我每天都想着明信片的事。

My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends.

假期过得真快,可我还没有给我的朋友们寄过一张明信片。

On the last day I made a big decision.

到了最后一天,我作出了一项重大决定。

I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards.

我早早起了床,买来了37张明信片。

I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!

我在房间里关了整整一天。然而竟连一张明信片也没写成!
12个相关单词

与课文关联的单词

send

/send/v. 寄 , 送寄

postcard

/ˈpəʊstkɑːd/n. 明信片

spoil *

/spɔɪl/v. 使索然无味, 损坏

museum

/mjuˈziːəm/n. 博物馆

public

/ˈpʌblɪk/adj. 公共的

friendly

/ˈfrendli/adj. 友好的

waiter

/ˈweɪtə(r)/n. 服务员, 招待员

lend

/lend/v. 借、给

decision

/dɪˈsɪʒ(ə)n/n. 决定

whole

/həʊl/adj. 整个的

single *

/ˈsɪŋɡ(ə)l/adj. 唯一的, 单一的

decide

/dɪˈsaɪd/v. 决定

课文理解纠结 更新于:2024-03-24 02:27:10

Postcards always spoil my holidays. 一般现在

Last summer, I went to Italy. 一般过去

last adj. 上一个the last adj. 最后一个least adj.最少的(little 的最高级)
last summer 去年夏天 last 表示 “上一个”the last day 最后一天 (具体到一天及一天的早中晚都要用 on)She must be at least thirty-five years old.

A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian.

ItalianItaly 重读音的位置不同

teach sb sth. = teach sth. to sb 教某人做某事
  • He teaches our us English.
  • taught me a few words of Italian. 
  • He teaches English to us.
  • taught a few words of Italian to me.

某个国家的语言不可数

a little 一点儿,少量(接不可数名词)a few 几个(接可数名词复数)
  • a few words of Italian.
  • I can speak a few words of English.

a few可数名词的复数连用,表示肯定,含有 somea small number of(一些,少数几个)的意思。

  • The police would like to ask him a few questions. 警察要问他一些问题。

I visited museums and sat in public gardens. 访问了多个博物馆还坐在某个公共的花园里休息

lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.借出borrow sth. from sb. / borrow sth.(borrow 不能用 borrow sb sth.
  • Then he lent me a book.
  • I asked him to lend me twenty pounds.
  • Then he lent a book to me.
  • He lend the money to me immediately. 

read a few lines, but I did not understand a word.

read 的原型是 /ri:d/,过去式/分词是 /rɛd/。单词不变读音变!

原型过去式过去分词
standstoodstood
understandunderstoodunderstood
read /ri:d/read /rɛd/read /rɛd/

Everyday I thought about postcards. 过去的每天

everyday adj. 每天,修饰名词。every day 与句子搭配做时间状语
The Internet has become part of everyday life. 每天的生活I study every day. 每天学习
think about/of 考虑, 思考(指某一段时间一直在想/考虑某事)think over 仔细考虑,反复思考
  • What do you think of?
  • What do you think of TV program last night?
  • What do you think of the weather today? 觉得天气怎么样?
  • We must think over what he said.我们必须仔细思考他说的话。
  • I thought over her words. 我认真考虑过她的话。
  • Can I persuade you to think over our propose.我劝你仔细考虑我们的建议。

My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends.

send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb.
but I did not send my friends cards.but I did not send cards to my friends.

I got up early and bought...

early adj.早的late adj. 晚的
get up early/late 起床早/晚stay up late 熬夜

I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!

spend 与表示时间的词或短语连和时,意思为“花(时间)”、“度过”,必须是做主语。
spend + 时间spend time + on sth.I spent a year on English.
spend time + (in) doing sth.I spent a year in studying English. in可以省略
spend time + in/on/at + 地点
  • She spends three hours in the sea.
  • He spends my weekend at my mother's.
  • You spend three hours in the classroom everyday.
  • I spent a lot of time in traffic jam.(交通堵塞)
spend + 钱spend moneyIf we spend all the money, we'll be poor again.
spend money + on + sth.I can't spend any more on this car.

语法知识一般过去时&双宾语 更新于:2024-03-24 02:33:50

一般过去时通常表示完全发生在过去的而现在已经结束的事件与现在无关(以前是这样而现在不了)。它通常指动作何时发生,而不指动作持续多久(与现在完成时的差别:现在完成发生在过去而与现在有关持续)。
主语 + v. 过去式 (did)主语 + was/were + 非动词
  • I went to the park yesterday. 我昨天去的(言外:今天没去)
  • She ate an apple this morning.早上吃的(言外:现在没吃)
  • We played basketball last night.昨晚打球(言外:今天没打)
  • She had a boyfriend. 她以前有一个男朋友。(言外:现在没有)
句型Be 动词(过去式)动词过去式三单
过去式You were happy.They had a meeting.She was Chinese.
否定句You were not happy.They did not have a meeting.She was not Chinese.
一般疑问句Were you happy?Did they have a meeting?Was she a Chinese?
特殊疑问句How were you?What did do/how?What was she?

直接宾语和间接宾语

主谓间接宾语(动作目标,动作是谁做的或为谁做的,通常是人)直接宾语(表示动作结果,动作所涉及的事物)
I gavehim a book.
I boughther a present.
间接宾语大多数情况下置于直接宾语之前,如果间接宾语在后,间接宾主前必须加“to” (表示动作对什么人做)或“for”(表示动作为什么人而做)
give sb. sth.give sth. to sb
双宾语通常情况一个是人,一个是物。物永远是直接宾语,人则为间接宾语
Give her the key.Give the key to her.
哪些及物动词(vt.)能接双宾语?
  • 通过意思去判断。上面提到双宾语直接宾语是物,间接宾语为人。
  • eat? 吃直接宾语(✓),吃间接宾语???(×)

常用可以接双宾语的动词:send , teach, lend, give, ask, tell, offer,cook, buy, get, make, write, bring, show ...

动词直接宾语间接宾语例子
senda lettermy friendI sent a letter to my friend.
teachhow to writeMy teacher taught me how to write.
lendmy bookI lent my friend my book.
givea presentI gave my friend a present.
askfor helpI asked my friend for help.
tella jokeI told my friend a joke.
offera rideI offered my friend a ride.
cookdinnerMy mom cooked me dinner.
buya giftI bought my friend a gift.
geta cup of coffeeI got my friend a cup of coffee.
makea cakeMy mom made me a cake.
writea letterI wrote my friend a letter.
bringa bookI brought my friend a book.
showmy new carI showed my friend my new car.

双宾语动词 + sb. + sth. = 双宾语动词 + sth. + to / for + sb.

to 动词向对方给的方向for 动词为了什么目的
He lent me a book. = He lent a book to me. 他借给了我一本书/他借了一本书给我。I cooked him a meal. = I cooked a meal for him. 我为他做了一餐(目的是为了给他做饭)。
给某人做某事帮某人一个忙 do sb. a favor
当间接宾语在后时,直接宾语前必须加 "to"(对...而言)或 "for"(为...而做)
  • I did my homework. 主谓宾
  • I did my homework for my teacher. 主谓双宾
  • I did my homework for my parents.
  • I did the dishes for my mom.
  • I did the laundry for my dad.
  • I did the yard work for my brother.
  • Can you do me a favor? = Can you do a favor for me?
  • Can you help me with this?
  • Do me a favor please. 帮我一个忙。
  • Can I do something for you? 我可以帮你做点什么?
  • Can I order something for you? 我可以帮你点什么吗?
  • Can I buy you a bottle of beer? 我可以给你买瓶啤酒吗?(请你喝杯酒)

可以翻译为 "给"、"替"、"为" 的,就用 "for";如果只能翻译为 "给" 的,就用 "to"。

扩展知识考试真题 更新于:2024-03-24 02:35:53

中考真题高考真题
  • Paul and I played tennis yesterday. He did much better than I.
  • They invited her to the party, so she was very happy.
  • The three of us travelled around Europe for about a month last summer.
  • Did you ask Sophia for help?-I need to - I didn't managed perfectly well on my own.
  • Kevin, you look worried. Anything wrong?Well, I took a test and I' m waiting for the result.

不规则动词的变化 §

原型过去式过去分词现在分词
sendsentsent 
lendlentlent 
spendspentspent 
spoilspoiledspoiled 
spoiltspoilt 
catchcaughtcaught 
teachtaughttaught 
thinkthoughtthought 
seeksoughtsought 
fightfoughtfought 
buyboughtbought 
bringbroughtbrought 
readreadread 
understandunderstoodunderstood 
makemademademaking
writewrotewrittenwriting
findfoundfound 
共有7题需要完成

练习题

  1. Mary and I (talk) about your book hours ago.(填空)
    talked
  2. They (have) a meeting yesterday.(填空)
    had
  3. Tom (be) a student when he was ten years old.(填空)
    was
  4. him a few words of Italian? The waiter.(单选)
    A、Who taught
    B、Who did teach
    C、What did he teach
    D、Whom did he teach
  5. He spent the whole day in his room. He was in his room day.(单选)
    A、the hole
    B、the all
    C、all
    D、all of all (the) day
  6. On the last day he made a big decision. It was the day of his holiday(单选)
    A、final
    B、end
    C、latest
    D、bottom
  7. He made a big decision. He .(单选)
    A、thought about it
    B、made up his mind
    C、changed his mind
    D、made a wish think about