Lesson 45 A clear conscience 问心无愧 被动语态

A clear conscience ^问心无愧

• a clear conscience ^{又可译为“清白的良心”}
• a good conscience ^问心无愧
• a bad conscience ^{反义词（感到内疚）}

The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost.

village ^{n.乡村，村庄；在乡村的，乡村的；村民}

• The whole village was excited by news. ^{在这里为总称，指“村民”，the whole village 指“全村的人”，后面通常跟单数动词（有时也可视为复数）}

learn ^{v. 得知，获悉}

• the whole world learnt… ^{全世界都知道…}
• I’ve just learnt that she was ill.

Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while (he was) taking his savings to the post office.

while doing 是现在分词短语用于连词之后，作用相当于一个时间状语从句。现在分词这样用的前提是两个动词的主语是同一个，并且这两个动作通常是同时发生（即这句话一定要是进行时态）。如果主语不一致则必须用从句。

• while he was taking his savings… ^{he与上文Sam相同所以省略了，使用 doing 补允说明正在主动进行(由句变成了词组做状语)。}

Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers, but it was not returned to him.

be + done ^{被动语态 （it was not returned to him）}

• must have done ^{表示对过去的推测}
• must have been done ^{表示对过去被动的推测}

Three months passed, and then one morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door.

三种表示一段时间以后,另外一件事情发生的方式

1. …passed, and then ^{xx时间过去了，然后…}
2. some time later ^{一段时间后}
3. some time passed before…^{一段时间过去了…}

* It had been wrapped up in newspaper and it contained half the money he had lost, together with a note which said: 'A thief, yes, but only 50 per cent a thief!'

wrap up ^包裹(着)

• It had been wrapped up in newspaper by somebody. ^{(用报纸包用 in，不能用 by)}

half the money = half of the money ^{钱的一半（half 直接加在名词前表示 “一半” ）}

• half an hour ^半个小时
• half a year ^半年
• Half the bread was bad.
• Half a pound of coffee.

together with… = with… ^{随它一起的还有…（介词短语作状语）}

• I with my son went there. ^{我带着我的儿子去了}
• My son and I went there. ^{我和我儿子去那里。}

Two months later, some more money was sent to Sam with another note: 'Only 25 per cent a thief now!'

• yesterday once more ^{昨日重现（歌曲名）}
• some more money ^{又有一些钱 (more 又, 再)}

In time, all Sam's money was paid back in this way.

in time = in the end ^{最终，最后，经过一段时间}

• In time, he found all the books he needed. ^最后
• I’ll tell you everything in time. ^及时的

pay back ^{还回来(以牙还牙、还钱)}

• I'll pay you back for what you did to me. ^{你对我这样，我一定会报仇的（以牙还牙）}
• He embarrassed me at the party. I’ll pay him back someday. ^{向…报复（pay sb. back）}
• Yesterday Sam borrowed some money from me and said that he would pay me back in a week. ^偿还
• You’ve been very kind to me. How can I pay you back? ^报答

in the way ^{以这种方式}

• You must pay attention to your spelling.In this way, you can become a good secretary in time.

在句子中，我们并不想强调某个人，只要说这个事的时候就喜欢“主动变被动”，突出“事”为主体，弱化“人”。

1. Someone has prepared a meal for you. ^{突出了某人(是谁不重要)事物反而弱化了}
2. A meal be prepared for you. ^{改写成被动语态（去掉someone）但时态不一致}
3. A meal has been prepared for you.^{体现“已经”（与被改写前的时态一致）}