Lesson 64 The Channel Tunnel 海峡隧道 虚拟条件句 if条件状语从句

In 1858, a French engineer, Aime Thome de Gamond, arrived in England with a plan for a twenty-one-mile tunnel under the English Channel.

简单句因为介词短语变长 ^{a engineer arrived in England In 1858. 在1858年一位工程师来到了英国。}

plan for + 名词/动名词 ^…的计划

• Little by little, he formulated his plan for escape.^{他一点一点地构想出了他的逃跑计划。}
• Is this your plan for making your way in the world ?^{这就是你要出人头地的计划吗？}

twenty-one-mile ^{加连字符，用单数，作定语}

• six-year-old
• my four-year-old daughter

He said that it would be possible to build a platform in the centre of the Channel.

This platform would serve as a port and a railway station.

serve as… = serve for… ^{起…作用，用作…，充当…}

• It will serve as a swimming pool.^{用作游泳池}
• This sofa can serve as/for (a) bed. ^{沙发当床用}

* The tunnel would be well-ventilated if tall chimneys were built above sea level.

In 1860, a better plan was put forward by an Englishman, William Low.

put forward (plan/suggestion) ^{提出（计划、建议等）}

• You know they wouldn’t accept your plan/proposal.
• Why did you put it forward?

* He suggested that a double railway-tunnel should be built.

表示“建议/命令/要求”的动词后 ^{宾语从句要虚拟(条件/语气)}

This would solve the problem of ventilation, for if a train entered this tunnel, it would draw in fresh air behind it.

the problem of ventilation ^{通风的问题}

If, at the time, the British had not feared invasion, it would have been completed.

虚拟语气(非真实条件句)中，与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时；与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时，此时主句格式为 would have done，would/could/should 都可以情态动词加 have done 表示对过去的推测，如 must have done，can't have done 等

if虚拟条件句“假设过去”

The world had to wait almost another 100 years for the Channel Tunnel.

第 3 类条件句是在 if 从句里设想纯粹想像的事情，在主句里讲述想像的结果，谈的是没有或永远不可能有的结果，指的是过去没有过的事情。

• If I had worked hard at school, I’d have got a better job. ^{if 从句用过去完成时，主句用 would have/ should have +过去分词}
• I’d have read that book if I could have bought it.^{在 if 从句中可用 could have +过去分词代替 had been able to +动词原形}

suggest/insist + that + 从句 ^{(特殊结构：should + do)用来表达建议或坚持的观点(正式语境或表达强调)}

• She suggested that he should arrive early for the meeting. ^{当suggest表建议的时候，从句用虚拟语气，后接动词是要用-ing 形式，后接 that 从句采用一种固定的用法“should+动词原形”（should 可省略）}
• He insisted that she should apologize for her behavior.
• The teacher suggested that the students should study harder for the exam.
• My parents insisted that I should go to college after high school.
• The doctor suggested that he should quit smoking for his health.