Lesson 139&140 Is that you, John？ 是你吗，约翰？ 宾语从句

电话用语 §

Tell Mary ^(动宾) we'll be late for dinner this evening. ^{祈使句 + 宾语 （双宾语从语）}

be late for… xx ^(名词) 迟到了

• He is late for class. ^{他上课迟到了}
• They were late for meeting yesterday. ^{他们开会迟到了}
• Don't be late for work! ^{上班不要迟到!}
• I was late for school yesterday. ^{我昨天上学迟到了。}

I'm afraid I don't understand. ^{主系表 + 宾语从句}

• I’m sorry… ^{我很抱歉 + 从句...}
• I’m afraid… ^{我恐怕 + 从句... 通常用于委婉的拒绝别人}

Hasn't Mary told you? ^{否定疑问句(难道...)}

• Has Mary told you? ^{现在完成时}

I said I would be at your house at six o'clock. ^{(said 导致了will 变 would，过去将来时的间接引语)}

I said "I will be at your house at six o'clock." 直接引语

And by the way, my wife wants to know if Mary needs any help.^{(非条件状语从句)}

by the way   顺便^{（顺便说一下，问一下，提一下）}

宾语从句的语序：Does Mary need any help? 但在上面句子里做为了宾语，需要还原成陈述句(三单)无需助动词。

I don't know what you're talking about. 主 + 谓 + 宾

语序：What are you talking about? 需要把特殊疑问句改为陈述句的语序（What you are talking about?）。

work for ^{为....而工作，受雇于...}

• I work for a big company.

什么是宾语从句 §

用一个句子做为宾语来使用。 主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语从句^(陈述句)

• I believe this house is for sale.
• She said he would not let her make another film.

宾语从句的时态 §

• A. 主句一般现在，从句任意时态

• B. 主句一般过去，从句相应过去

宾语从句的种类^（3类）

1、That + 引导词^{(口语、不做成分时省略)} + 肯定句

2、if + 一般疑问句^{(陈述语序)}

3、what/who... + 特殊疑问句^{(陈述语序)}

如何识别宾语从句

1. 宾语从句通常出现在主句中作为动词的宾语^{I don't know who she is.}
2. 宾语从句在语法上可以替代一个名词或名词短语作为整个句子的宾语 ^{He said he would come tomorrow.}
3. 宾语从句通常由连词引导 ^{She asked me if I had finished the work.}
4. 宾语从句的语序与陈述句的语序一样 ^{I wonder where he went.}
5. 宾语从句有时可以根据语义和逻辑思考来判断 ^{She believes that honesty is the best policy.}

有时引导词是可以省略的(that)，我们在识别的时候主要还是看：及物动词 + 句子，像这样的是： 主 + 谓 + 宾，但我们在前期课程中也学到过一个：主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾，这样的主谓双宾结果就是：及物动词 + sb. +句子，也是宾语从句的一种。

宾语从句否定前移^{(表达观点：think, believe, feel...)}

特例：我知道你是不对的。≠ 我不知道你是对的。

完成下面的练习

模仿改写以下句子

时态练习

在口语中与书面一样的需要遵循从句为陈述句顺序。

宾语从句强化练习