Lesson 1 A Private Conversation私人谈话 简单句

First listen and then answer the question: Why did the writer complain to the people behind him?

Last week I went to the theatre.

上星期我去看戏。

I had a very good seat.

我的座位很好。

The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it.

戏很有意思,但我却无法欣赏。

A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me.

一青年男子与一青年女子坐在我的身后。

They were talking loudly.

大声地说着话。

I got very angry. I could not hear the actors.

我非常生气,因为我听不见演员在说什么。

I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily.

我回过头去怒视着那一男一女。

They did not pay any attention.

他们却毫不理会。

In the end, I could not bear it.

最后, 我忍不住了。

I turned round again. 'I can't hear a word!' I said angrily.

又一次回过头去,生气地说 : “我一个字也听不见了!”

'It's none of your business, ' the young man said rudely. 'This is a private conversation!'

“不关你的事,”那男的毫不客气地说,“这是私人间的谈话!”
11个相关单词

与课文关联的单词

private *

/ˈpraɪvət/adj. 私人的

conversation

/ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃ(ə)n/n. 谈话

theatre

/ˈθɪətə(r)/n. 剧场,戏院

seat

/siːt/n. 座位

angry

/ˈæŋɡri/adj. 生气的

attention

/əˈtenʃ(ə)n/n. 注意

angrily

/ˈæŋɡrəli/adv. 生气地

bear *

/beə(r)/v. 容忍

business

/ˈbɪznəs/n. 事

rudely

/ˈruːdli/adv. 无礼地,粗鲁地

play *

/pleɪ/n. 戏

课文理解简单陈述句 更新于:2024-05-30 11:33:55

Last week I went to the theatre.  主谓(一般过去时)

go to the地点:表示去某地(做什么)
  • go to the theatre = go to the theatre to see a play 去剧院(看戏)
  • go to the cinema = see a film 去电影院(看电影)
  • go to the dairy 去牛奶店(买牛奶)
人/职业 + 's :去这个人(家里、店铺、公司等)

部分名词前不加冠词

  • go to school 去学校(上学)
  • go to church 去教堂(做礼拜)
  • go to hospital 去医院(看病)
  • go to bed 上床(睡觉)
  • go home 回家(home 地点副词直接修饰动词go)
  • I am at home. 在家(be 动词表状态)

I had a very good seat. 主谓宾 = I had a seat.

have a seat. 请坐

  • Sit down Please. = Please sit down.
  • Take a seat, please.

The play was very interesting. 主系表

课文的开始使用了3种不同的简单句结构,在英语中这些结构使用频率较高。

I did not enjoy it. 主谓宾

陈述句否定句
I enjoyed it. 主++宾I did not enjoy it.主++宾
enjoy + n. = 喜欢(从当中得到一种享受)enjoy oneself (玩的开心)enjoy + doing
  • I enjoy the music/book/class.
  • enjoy the dinner/film/program/game

We always enjoy ourselves.

  • Jane doesn’t enjoy swimming.(否定)
  • She enjoys going to the theatre.(三单)

A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. 主谓(过去进行时)

They were talking loudly. 主谓

I got ... angry. 主系表

get angry 变得生气

  • Things got bad recently. 事情糟糕了。
  • I was ill, but l'm getting better. 我生病了,但我正在好转。
Iam/wasangry. be动词表状态,生气已是一个事实
get/gotangry. 强调变化过程
Itis/washot. 天气热
get/gothot. 天气变得好热
got 可取代 be 动词做为一个半联系动词,可以直接加形容词组成【主系表】结构,表逐渐变得...

I turned round. 我转过身来。

round adv. 旋转,环绕around adv. 围绕,环绕
I turned round.  我转过身去(上半身转过去)I turned around. 我转过身去(向后转)

In the end, I could not bear it.(can的过去式)

in the end 最后,终于表示一段较长的时间之后或某种努力之后She tried hard to finish her homework by herself. In the end, she had to ask her brother for help.
她努力自己完成家庭作业。最后,她不得不向她哥哥求助。
at last 终于,最后表示某事情最终发生或达到预期状态的短语。At last he had his own wheels.他终于有了自己的汽车。
finally 终于\总之\最后\决定性地adv. 终于;总之,最后;决定性地,不可变更地Finally she drifted into sleep.最后她不知不觉地睡着了。
eventually 最终,结果adv. 最终,结果Troops eventually quelled the unrest.部队最终镇压了动乱。

It's none of your business. 关你屁事

none of ... 都不(大于三者)neither of ... 都没有 (两者之间)
None of them could sing in tune.他们中没有一个人能唱得合调。Neither of us had ever skied.我们俩谁也没有滑过雪。
none 全无(强调全都无)no one 没有任何人(等于nobody)not any 没有任何的
She kept none of his letters. 他的信件她一封也没有保留。No one doubted his ability.没有人怀疑他的能力。Not any more 不再(等于 no more)

one’s business 指某人(所关心的或份内)的事

  • It's none of your business?关你什么事?
  • None of your business. 和你没关系。
  • It's my business. 这是我自己的事。
  • It is my business to look after your health. 我必须照顾你的身体健康。

语法知识简单句 更新于:2024-03-17 06:55:11

英文中的句子分类

想要学好语言,我们需要连词成句,只要把句子组织好了,我们的语言也就Ok了,句子一般有两种分类方式:

结构划分简单句(Simple Sentence)I like to study.
并列句(Compound Sentence)I like to study, but I don't like exams.
复合句(Complex Sentence)Because the weather is nice, we decided to go to the park.
用途划分陈述句(Declarative Sentence)I finished my homework today.
疑问句(Interrogative Sentence)Do you have time tomorrow?
祈使句(Imperative Sentence)Please give me a glass of water.
感叹句(Exclamatory Sentence)What a beautiful scenery!

简单句

简单句在英文中就是最基本的句子,只用于描述“一件事”。简单句的构成在新一中解释了多次,我们再来回顾一下简单句的“五种基本结构”:

结构例句
主 + 谓 vi.I study. 无动作的承受者
主 + 谓 vt. + 宾He eats an apple. 宾语承受主语发出的动作
主 + 谓 vt. + 宾 + 宾I give him a gift. 有2个承受动作的宾语(人通常是间接宾语直接宾语通常是物)
主 + 谓 vt. + 宾 + 宾补She loves him very much. 宾语承受动作,补语是对宾语进行了补充说明
主 + 系 + 表The cat looks cute.通过系动词将表语与主语联系起来,说明当前主语的状态。
想要描述“一件事”需要两大要素,物质(名词 n.)+运动(动词 v.)。主语是发出谓语的人、事物(名词 n.),宾语是承受动作(动词 v.)的人、事物(名词 n.)

主系表

英文的句子中必须要有一个谓语动词,否则就不能符合英文的语法,为了解决这样的不符合逻辑的情况,在英文中产生了专门用于将主语与表语连接在一起的动词,即:系动词。起一个连系作用,是为了满足英文语法而存在的,不产生其它意思(需要有时我们翻译为“是、在”)。所以这里的结构变成了“主+系+表”。系动词还是一个动词,但已没有实际的意思和动作,系动词是用于帮助构成一个句子的。为了体再这个动词无实义、无动作,所以这里修改了一个名字“系动词”。

系动词

Be动词(单独出现)
  • I am Kowk.
  • I am studying English.
get 、become 、turn 、go grow ...(当翻译为“变得” 时)
  • He gets very angry.
  • He got a new car.
look 、sound 、smell、 taste、 feel ...(感观动词)
  • She looks beautiful.
  • She looks at me.

上面的感观动词翻译为“look 看起来/sound 听起来/smell 闻起来/taste品尝起来/feel感觉起来…”时为系动词。

还有更多的系动词将在今后的学习中出现,当实义动词为系动词时需要满足一定的条件,所以不是太常用,我们主要还是以Be动词使用更多为主。所以我们的重点是了解当Be动词单独出现时则为“主系表”结构。

动词的 vi. / vt.

vi. 不及物vt. 及物
自主完成,无需要动词的承受者: 散步、远足、游泳、呼吸需要一个动词的承受者:(苹果)、爱(学习)、想(你)、打(人)
如果我们还不知道这个动词的词意的时候,可以通过分析后面是否有一个“介词”来判断是否及物。如果这个动词及物后面可以直接加名词/代词,反之不及物动词则需要一个中介、媒介(介词)来帮助它,如:I look at you. 这里的look 是一个不及物动词,所以我们需要一个介词 at 与 宾语 you 连接。

简单句的变化

简单句的变化前提是,基本结构不变的情况下,加入很多辅助的成分,让句子内容变长、变难(使用更多的修饰让句子更丰富)

句型句子的变换修饰方法
陈述句Birds fly. 主+谓Little birds fly happily. 形容词Littl修改名词birds,副词happily修饰动词fly
改变时态Birds will fly. 主+谓in autumn birds will fly in the sky. 时间介词短语、地点介词短语
否定句Birds will not fly. 主+谓In autumn little birds will not fly happily in the sky. 加入全部修饰

单词句型句子的语序 更新于:2024-01-07 06:56:57

时间状语主语谓语/系动词宾语状语(介词/副词短语)地点状语时间状语
When?Who/Which/What?ActionWho/Which/What?How?Where?When?
Last weekIwent-to the theatre.Last week
hada very good seat.-
They playwas-very interesting.-
Idid not enjoyit.-
A yaoung man and a young womanwere sitting-behind me.
Theywere talking-loudly.-

简单陈述句的变化(谓语动词的变化)

一个句子中,核心的部分就是“一主+一谓”来说明一件事,将来的长难句中,我们可以通过区别谓语动词来分析一句话说了几件事。谓语动词做为核心。

时态语态情态否定
They were talking loudly.It was bought by my grandfather.I could not hear the actors.I did not enjoy it.
谓语动词“三态一否”包括了时态变化、语态的变化、情态的变化、与否定形式。谓语动词不特指某一个单词,我们在“三态一否”中要把谓语动词看着是一个组合。

扩展知识简单陈述句分类 更新于:2024-03-11 03:02:49

五大分类

句子结构
They meet.vi. 主+谓
I love vt.  you.主+谓+宾
I tell vt.  you a secret主+谓+双宾
I find vt.  you interesting主+谓+宾+宾补
You are be beautiful.主+系+表

不规则动词的变化 §

原型过去式过去分词现在分词
gowentgone 
havehadhadhaving
dodiddone 
bewas/werebeen 
sitsatsatsitting
getgotgot/gottengetting
paypaidpaid 
bearboreborne 
saysaidsaid 
过去式只用于“一般过去时”里。而过去分词可以用于“完成时态”、“被动语态”、“非谓语”。
共有5题需要完成

练习题

  1. did the writer feel? Angry.(单选)
    A、Where
    B、Why
    C、How
    D、When
  2. The writer could not bear it. He could not it.(单选)
    A、carry
    B、suffer
    C、stand
    D、lift
  3. The writer turned round. He looked at the man and the woman angrily .(单选)
    A、and they stopped talking
    B、but they didn't stop talking
    C、but they didn't notice him
    D、but they looked at him rudely
  4. The young man and young woman were sitting behind him. He was sitting them.(单选)
    A、before
    B、above
    C、ahead of
    D、in front of
  5. The young man and the young woman paid attention to the writer.(单选)
    A、none
    B、any
    C、not any
    D、no