Lesson 33 Out of the darkness 冲出黑暗 介词

First listen and then answer the question: Why was the girl in hospital?

Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her.

几乎过了一个星期,那姑娘才能讲述自己的遭遇。

One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm.

一天下午,她乘小船从海岸出发,遇上了风暴。

Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea.

天将黑时,小船撞在了一块礁石上,姑娘跳进了海里。

Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water.

她在海里游了整整一夜才游到岸边。

During that time she covered a distance of eight miles.

在那段时间里,她游了8英里。

Early next morning, she saw a light ahead.

第二天凌晨,她看到前方有灯光。

She knew she was near the shore because the light was high up on the cliffs.

知道自己已经接近岸边了,因为那灯光是在高高的峭壁上。

On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen.

到达岸边后,姑娘朝着她看到的灯光方向挣扎着往峭壁上爬去。

That was all she remembered.

她所记得的就是这些。

When she woke up a day later, she found herself in hospital.

第二天她醒来时,发现自己躺在医院里。
12个相关单词

与课文关联的单词

darkness

/ˈdɑːknəs/n. 黑暗

explain

/ɪkˈspleɪn/v. 解释,叙述

coast

/kəʊst/n. 海滨

storm

/stɔːm/n. 暴风雨

towards *

/təˈwɔːdz/prep. 向,朝;接近

rock

/rɒk/n. 岩石,礁石

shore

/ʃɔː(r)/n. 海岸

light *

/laɪt/n. 灯光

ahead *

/əˈhed/adv. 在前面

cliff

/klɪf/n. 峭壁

struggle

/ˈstrʌɡ(ə)l/v. 挣扎

hospital

/ˈhɒspɪt(ə)l/n. 医院

课文理解绝地逃生 更新于:2024-03-13 08:06:04

Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what had happened to her. 一般过去+过去完成 §

pass v. 经过,穿过;传递,传送past(需配合动词) prep.经过,在…之后;在…的更远处
  • He passed my house this morning. 他今天早上经过我家。
  • As she passed the library door, the telephone began to ring. 她经过图书馆门口时,电话开始响铃了。
  • Jane stood aside to let her pass简站到一边让她过去。
  • He walked past my house this morning. 他今天早上经过我家。
  • He told me about his past experiences. 他给我讲了他过去的经历
  • He seems to live in the past. 他似乎活在过去
cross v.穿越,横渡 I crossed the street to avoid meeting him...across prep.穿过 It's running across the grass.
pass 和past 的区别主要是词义上的区别,pass 是动词,past为介词,所以需要配合动词一起使用,当一句话中有动词使用past,无动词时使用pass(其过去式、过去分词为 passed)当作及物动词用时,可表示“经过,通过(考试),超过”等,作不及物动词用时可表示“(时间等)消逝”。
…passed before过了...时间sometime later… 一段时间以后
  • Three days passed before my mother returned.强调时间(这么久的时间, 时间状语从句, 后面是从句)
  • Three months have passed before we knew it.不知不觉已过了三个月。
 
  • Three days later, my mother returned. (强调某人做某事,简单句)
  • Three days passed and then my mother returned. 并列句, 既强调某人做某事, 又强调时间(有多久)

过去完成时通常会与一般过去时的搭配使用,表达过去的过去,即过去完成会比过去时先发生。

时间线:过去完成 → 过去 → 过去将来 / 现在完成 → 现在 → 将来完成 → 将来

be able to 强调有能力, 且能够成功(还强调成功)can 只表示能力
I was able to swim across the river. I can swim across the river. 我能游过这条河(但没有游过,不知道能不能成功)

One afternoon she set out from the coast in a small boat and was caught in a storm.

set out = set off = begin a journey 出发set out from… 从…出发
be caught in + 灾难 (突然)遇到/上(风暴等)meet 遇到、遇见(某人)
  • be caught in a earthquake .
  • I was caught in a rain. 我遇上了一场雨
  • As soon as he left, it began to rain.
  • He was caught in a rain when he left. 他刚一离开, 就下雨了
  • I have just met the man I want to spend the rest of my life with. 我刚刚遇到了我想与之共度余生的男人。
  • He's the kindest and sincerest person I've ever met他是我见过的最和善、最真诚的人。
  •  Hey, Terry, come and meet my Dad. 嗨,特里,过来见见我爸爸。

Towards evening, the boat struck a rock and the girl jumped into the sea.

towards evening 天越来越晚(逐渐接近)towards + n. 朝...去
  • When Heidi came home towards evening, Peter generally paid her a visit.当海蒂傍晚回家时,彼得通常会去看她。
  • Towards evening a cold wind sprang up.傍晚时分,刮起了一阵冷风。
  • He made towards the door. 他向门口走去。
  • He took a step towards the door. 他朝门口迈了一步。

Then she swam to the shore after spending the whole night in the water.

to 强调朝那个方向去(静态)towards 朝那个方向去,强调距离越来越近(动态)
She went to the window and looked out. 她走到窗前向外望去。She moved towards the window.她朝窗户走去。

During that time she covered a distance of eight miles.

cover 可笼统地表示“行过(一段路程)”

a distance of + 距离

  • the red army covered a distance of 25000… 两万五千里长征

Early next morning, she saw a light ahead.

next 表示时间顺序上“紧接的,下一个”,如果以现在为基准,则 next 前一般不加 the;如果以过去或将来的某一时间为基准,则 next 前面要加 the 或其他修饰词。

next day 第二天(有可能是过去式, 有可能是将来式)the other day(过去时) = a few days ago (几天前)
Mary phoned the next day to tell us that she couldn’t come to the party.第二天玛丽打来电话告诉我们她不能参加晚会了。Mary phoned the other day to tell us that she had arrived in London.前几天玛丽来电话告诉我们她已到达伦敦。

On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen.

“…up the cliff towards the light…”用两个介词起到动词的作用,up 在此处为介词,表示“沿着…往上”

on + 动名词(on + doing 一...就...)as soon as = the momentwhen/while/as

On reaching the airport, he was arrested by the police.

As soon as he had got into the car.While we were having breakfast,our little boy, Tommy, found two small coins on the floor.

That was all she remembered.

  • That was all I wanted to say. 那就是我想说的全部
  • That was all I can do for you. =I can do nothing else for you.

When she woke up a day later, she found herself in hospital.

主+谓+宾+宾补

  • find the books tidy 发现书摆放得整齐
  • I found the books in order.
  • When I woke up, I found myself in bed.

语法知识表示方向和目的地的介词和副词 更新于:2024-01-19 02:51:57

介词通常用于被说明地点与时间,介词的后面可以接 名词、代词、doing构成一个介宾短语用于补充说明地点或者时间。§
表示“上on/up、下 off/down表示“来 come、去 go
  • Jim’s standing on the roof. I hope he won’t fall off.  on 和 off
  • Tom’s climbing up the tree. I hope he won’t fall down. up 和 down
  • The ball was coming towards me.
  • The plane flies from Moscow to New York. 一对小品词 from 和 to
  • He went for home. 
  • Did you stop anywhere on your way to the office? 去办公室的路上你在别的地方逗留过吗?
进去 into出来 out of
He put his hand into his pocket, and took out a phrasebook.Some children are coming out of the building.

towards(强调越来越近)的意义和 to(强调目标)相近,表示“朝,向,接近”等;for 在有些动词后面也表示“往,向”的意思。

leave for… 动身到某地(强调离开,出发)set out for… 动身到某地head for/to 前往 (强调“去”)
Yesterday my father left for Tianjin. He left / set out for New York yesterday.You'll need to keep a clear head for your interview.你面试时需要保持清醒的头脑。
aim at 瞄准(目标)fire at(瞄准开火)throw at 朝…扔(投向目标)
They aim at improving quality rather than increasing quantity.
他们的目的在于提高质量而不是增加数量。
I don't dare fire at that man.
我不敢对他开枪。
So they picked up stones to throw at him.
于是他们拿石头要打他。
表示“在某个地方”或“在…里面/外面”可用 at(含有一种瞄准的概念,方向性),in,out of 等;表示目的地或位置往往用 at。
through 穿过(洞)How did you get through the fence? 你怎么穿过篱笆的?
across 穿过(平面)He is swimming across the river.
under 穿过(下面)The ship is going under the bridge.
over 越过How did you get over the wall?
round 绕过If we win a lot of money we'll travel round the world ...

单词句型Prepositions of Movement 更新于:2024-04-25 01:32:26

  • into: The mouse is going into the box.
  • out of: The mouse is going out of the box.
  • around: The cat is walking around the box.

  • away: The bird is flying away from the box.
  • toward: The birds are flying toward the box.
  • past: The bird is flying past the box.

  • on to/onto: The frog is going to jump onto the box.
  • off: The frog is going to jump off the box.
  • over: The frog is going to jump over the box.

  • under: The snake is going under the wall.
  • through: The snake is going to go through the pipe.
  • across: The snake is moving across the bridge.

  • up: The boy is walking up the stairs.
  • down: The girl is walking down the stairs.

扩展知识表示地点的介词(prep.) 更新于:2024-01-19 02:47:23

from 来自...set out from the coast 
to 去往...swam to the shore
for 向、往(强调目的地)set out for the village. 
towards 逐渐接近(动态的)towards the light she had seen
into 进入(动态的)jumped into the sea 
out of 从里往外(动态的)out of darkness 
At 强调在某个点上(小范围、 一维的)On 强调在平面的上方(中范围、二维的)In 强调在立体的里面(大范围、三维的)
I am at home. 我在家We were on a hill, right on the edge of town.
我们在一座小山上,正好位于城镇边缘。
They ate in an Italian restaurant in Forth Street.
他们在福斯大街的一家意大利餐馆吃了饭。
arriving at the shore 在...点 (静态的)on the cliff 在...上 (静态的)in a small boat / in a storm / in hospital 在...里面 (静态的)
原型 (do)过去式 (did)过去分词 (done)现在分词(doing)
swimswamswumswimming
共有10题需要完成

练习题

  1. Don' + throw the rubbish the window.(填空)
    out of
  2. Please come the classroom and join us.(填空)
    into
  3. He is in Shanghai, and he will fly Shanghai Beijing.(单选)
    A、from;to
    B、to;from
    C、to;go
    D、to;went
  4. She hopes that she will stand the top of the highest mountain some day.(填空)
    on
  5. It is impolite to point people.(填空)
    at
  6. I put the laptop your bag.(填空)
    in
  7. She swam to the shore the night in the water.(单选)
    A、having spent
    B、having spending
    C、when spending
    D、had spent
  8. How was the shore? Eight miles.(单选)
    A、away far
    B、far from
    C、far away
    D、long far
  9. That was all she remembered. She couldn't remember .(单选)
    A、some more
    B、anymore
    C、no more
    D、none more not
  10. That was all she remembered. She couldn't very much.(单选)
    A、remind
    B、memorise
    C、recollect
    D、mind