Lesson 40 Food and talk 进餐与交谈 将来进行时 虚拟条件句 虚拟语气 if条件状语从句

Last week at a dinner party, the hostess asked me to sit next to Mrs. Rumbold. §

next to 与…^{相邻，挨着（既可表示座位挨着也可以表示地理位置上挨着）}

• sit next to me ^坐我旁边
• There’s a field/shop next to our house.

Mrs. Rumbold was a large, unsmiling lady in a tight black dress.

in + 颜色、衣服 ^{表“穿着、戴着”}

• A young man in a blue dress is inquiring for you.^{inquiring for sb. 要找/求见某人}

un- 前缀 ^{表示相反的意义}

She did not even look up when I took my seat beside her.

Her eyes were fixed on her plate and in a short time, she was busy eating.

be busy doing sth. ^{忙着做某事（doing 前可以加 in，也可以不加）}

• We’re all busy (in) getting ready for the performance.
• be busy with sth. ^忙于某事

'A new play is coming to "The Globe" soon,' I said. 'Will you be seeing it?'

• The new film is coming to the cinema.
• A new play will be on at ‘The Globe’. ^即将上映
• The film will be on. ^{那部电影即将要上映}

'if you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner!’ ^{if + did 谈论与事实不相符的内容(虚拟语气之虚拟条件句)}

• You can either go out or stay here. 
• He wants to buy a lot of things, but he has little money.^{他想买的东西很多，但他的钱很少。}

回顾if真实条件(第 1 类条件句)，谈论将有可能发生的事情，并且考虑其将来的真实结果。主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时或其他形式的现在时^{(主将从现)}。

If you help me,I will be grateful. ^{如果你帮我, 我会感激你 (正常语气)}
If it rains, I will not go. ^{如果下雨我就不去了}

虚拟条件句(假设现在) ^{第 2 类条件句(通过改变时态“变态”来告知这事不是真实的)}

if + did 从句 谈论想象的情况^{（假设与现在事实相反不相符的）}，通过修改谓语动词的时态^(did/were)以达到虚拟的^{（不是真的、不可能成真的）}目的！

尽管虚拟条件句使用过去时，却并非指过去的时间。所以，if 之后的过去时用法常被称为“非真实的过去”，整个条件句也被称作非真实(虚拟)条件句。

If I were you^{(如果我是你)} 这种说法经常用于提出建议。除了使用would以外我们还可以使用：colud、should、might  ^{（记忆口诀：if从句往前推，主句时态4+1）}

虚拟条件句有时也可代替条件状语从句来描述颇有可能发生的事情，但比条件状语从句较为“无把握”。

虚拟条件句经常用来描写完全不可能的事情：If I had longer legs, I’d be able to run faster. ^{如果我的腿长一些，我就能跑得更快(有翅膀就要上天~)。}